My husband said he’d found a cure for his terminal illness.

— A year later he was gone

Julie and Nigel in their early years together

By

‘Life-limiting’. ‘No cure’.

These were the words the doctor used to explain that my husband, Nigel, had three to five years to live, and I felt numb.

Moments like this are not at all what you imagine.

There’s no darkening sky, no rumble of thunder. Your heart doesn’t miss a beat and the world doesn’t hold its breath. Everything remains the same.

And yet, for us, nothing would ever be the same again.

The first sign that something was wrong with Nigel came in the summer of 2006 when I noticed the gradual deterioration and slurring of his speech.

‘My tongue feels like it doesn’t belong to me,’ he said, nonchalantly, to me one morning. ‘One minute it’s twisting all over the place, the next it’s as heavy as a brick.’

He carried on about his business – washing his clubs before heading out to play a round of golf with his brother – as if this admission was the most normal thing in the world. But the words stuck with me. I was concerned.

To put my mind at ease, we spoke to our GP who, at our request, then referred us to a speech therapist.

She immediately recognised Nigel’s speech problems as dysarthria, a condition where you have difficulty speaking because the muscles you use for speech are weak – but she didn’t know the cause.

A quick Google search will tell you that dysarthria can be caused by conditions that damage your brain or nerves and, to be safe, she advised us to see a neurologist to find out. We did and were told to prepare for a barrage of tests.

Nigel endured blood tests, MRI scans and an electromyography (EMG) test that detects neuromuscular abnormalities, all so that we could eliminate other diseases and find out exactly what was going on.

‘It’s like a liner on the horizon,’ advised the doctor. ‘Not until it gets closer can we be sure what it is.’

A man clings on to scaffolding on the side of a building
Nigel worked for years as a scaffolder

Eventually, diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s and more were eliminated, leaving us with just one: Motor Neurone Disease (MND).

MND is a distressing, debilitating disease that ultimately robs its victims of the ability to move, speak, eat and breathe.

The night he was diagnosed, as we researched MND on the internet, Nigel found a documentary about a man with MND who had gone to Dignitas – a Zurich-based nonprofit that provides physician-assisted suicide to members with terminal, severe physical or mental illnesses.

‘Poor man,’ I said, but Nigel thought differently. ‘Not a bad way to go,’ he said.

At the time, I thought it was a throwaway comment. Besides, we had treatment and life to get on with, so we never mentioned Dignitas again.

In the years that followed, this degenerative disease slowly and savagely destroyed Nigel’s body.

First his speech was affected, then slowly his legs followed. He went from using a cane to a walker, then eventually a wheelchair. The strength in his neck also went and he needed a neck brace to sit up straight.

Around six years in, he lost strength in his arms. My strong, physically active husband – who, as a scaffolder, once thought nothing of carrying two, 13 inch boards on a single shoulder – could now barely lift his toothbrush towards him.

Our lives were totally transformed by his diagnosis.

We went from being very busy and sociable people to being dominated by procedure in caring.

I cared for Nigel alone for as long as I could, aided by our daughter Ellie, who gave up her job to help us both, but we gradually needed more support.

Towards the end, Nigel had limited movement in his hands and arms and could do nothing for himself. Our home became a private hospital ward and we had a team of carers covering 24 hours a day.

Yet throughout, not once did Nigel bemoan his fate. Nigel, the man, remained inside that ravaged body: gregarious, funny and always joking.

Julie Casson with her late husband Nigel both in black and smiling at the camera
Julie with husband Nigel

In 2009, he took part in a medical trial that was searching for a cure for MND. While we were in the hospital he saw a filing cabinet labelled ‘deceased.’ He laughed and said, ‘There’ll be a slot in there for me soon.’

Sadly, ‘soon’ came a lot quicker than any of us would have liked.

Nigel’s MND had always followed a pattern of plateaus and pits. Sometimes the plateaus went on for months and we would get used to managing his disability. But then he would have a period where his disabilities would get much worse, and he would be much weaker as a result.

And, in August 2016, he suffered a particularly bad episode.

He felt that the disease was starting to attack his spirit and sense of self; that he was disappearing.

Adamant that it would not rob him of his humour and personality, he decided to take control.

‘I’ve found the “cure”,’ he announced the following  September. I held my breath as he explained. ‘I’m going to Dignitas. I want to die while I am happy and can still smile.’

I wanted to protest but Nigel knew his death would be slow. That when his astute, tortured mind became entombed in a silenced, paralysed body, he would be both alive, and dead.

A black and white image of a man and a woman dressed in finery and posing for the camera
Nigel and Julie in happier times

‘I could be buried alive for years, unable to drag a scream from my throat,’ he said. And I knew I couldn’t deny him this final wish.

From that moment on the mission was underway. Nigel opened communication with Dignitas, we told immediate family, close friends and his doctors the news.

Plans were carried out in secret. Applying to die at Dignitas is a bureaucratic minefield and there are several prerequisites – including the need for unassailable judgement and sufficient physical mobility to administer the lethal drug yourself. This is not to mention the mountain of medical reports we had to send off.

Six weeks later, the letter granting Nigel the ‘provisional green light’ arrived. He was elated. He had his ‘cure’ and his dying day was determined.

On our last Christmas Day together, in December 2016, when all the family were gathered, he was in charge of music – he had an extensive playlist on his iPad – and he played the first two words of George Michael’s Last Christmas.

He stopped the music. Then played the two words, ‘Last Christmas…’ again. Then stopped it, and played them again. He thought it was incredibly funny.

That was Nigel.

A man in a wheelchair sitting beside a huge statue of an elderly gentleman sitting on a bench
Nigel gradually lost the use of his legs

The only way to transport a severely disabled man from Scarborough to Zurich was by road. And after a lot of searching, we managed to hire a fully adapted motorhome which we christened ‘Mabel’.

My son-in-law then drove me, Nigel and our three children, Craig, Ellie and Becky, for 24 hours non-stop, and we arrived at Dignitas on the morning of April 25, 2017.

I’m not sure what I expected – a hospital, perhaps? – but it all looked very ordinary.

From the outside it seemed nothing more than a small, blue cladded house in the middle of an industrial estate, with a Lidl supermarket on the corner. And inside, the rooms were basic, with nothing more than a sofa, an electronic, adjustable bed, dining table and chairs and kitchen on offer. But then, I suppose, no one ever stays for too long.

Ahead of the procedure, Nigel had two meetings with a doctor affiliated with Dignitas who would determine whether his wish for accompanied suicide was granted. They needed to officially determine that there had been no coercion, that he was of sound mind and really understood what would happen if they proceeded.

Nigel knew of course, and was determined as ever. So his wish was granted.

We had two escorts who were both very nice, calming and welcoming, and carefully explained what would happen next.

A family sits on garden furniture on a sunny day enjoying refreshments
Nigel and Julie had a loving, close-knit family

‘Are you sure you want to do this, Nigel?’ said one of them. ‘Definitely,’ he replied.

Nigel signed the papers and then my three children and I said our final, agonising, tearful goodbyes.

Craig went first. He collapsed into Nigel’s embrace before saying, ‘You’ll always be my hero, Dad.’

Ellie followed close behind with tears pooling in her eyes. She kissed him on the cheek and said: ‘I’ll miss you, Dad. You were always there for me, and in my head and my heart, you always will be.’

Becky was up last and after smothering her tears by burying her face in his neck she rested her palm against his cheek and said: ‘You can stop pedalling now.’

She was rewarded with the sunniest of smiles and an extra hug. ‘Thank you, Becky. I will. But you can’t.’

Finally it was my turn. Nigel held out his hand for me and I couldn’t help but peer into those fathomless pools. I knew in that moment I would never again see or feel, for as long as I lived, such overwhelming and unconditional love.

‘It’s been a joy to be your husband, Julie. You’ve made me very happy,’ Nigel said.

‘You’ve made me happy too. I’ll miss you, darling.’ I brushed my lips with his and dropped a kiss on each eyelid. ‘I love you, Nig.’

A family selfie including an older man in a wheelchair
Nigel and his family

With one final sigh he turned to us and said, ‘I’m ready’.

After that, my children and I could do nothing but stare as the contraption pushed the barbiturate into Nigel’s body. Once the syringe had emptied, we rushed to enfold him in our arms.

We embraced him as he slipped into unconsciousness. I cradled him as his body slumped. We clung to him as the sporadic rasp of his breathing faded to a muted hush and the soft whisper of his breath was no more.

The only man I will ever love was dead.

Having to tear ourselves away from his body, to leave him there with strangers, was utterly devastating. But part of the paperwork Nigel signed gives Dignitas the power of attorney and enables them to organise the cremation, acquire a death certificate and inform all appropriate authorities.

That meant Nigel would be cremated without a single mourner.  Nobody would place a hand upon his coffin and bow their head in sorrow. Nobody would shed a tear for his loss and there would be no kind words to mark the life of this brave, funny, exceptional man.

Even if we’d wanted to do something, Dignitas advises against repatriation of the body as, apart from it being very complicated, it would likely trigger a police investigation into his death.

Instead, we paid Dignitas to arrange for his ashes to be flown to Heathrow where a funeral director would collect the urn and bring it home. His ashes arrived home about three weeks later.

Nigel has been gone seven years now, but it still doesn’t feel real. We are a close, supportive family and help each other through, and it does help knowing that this is exactly what Nigel wanted. That he could die smiling and with dignity gives us comfort.

But Nigel should have been able to die at home. The UK law on assisted dying must change.

No dying person should have to endure the journey he did – especially when you consider that Nigel had to do it while he still could and therefore definitely died sooner than he needed to. We could have had another six months, even a year.

And no family should have to face the torture of walking away from their loved one’s body. For us, that will alway be the hardest part.

Giving a terminally ill person control and choice over how they die transforms the remainder of their lives and enhances the quality and pleasure of their remaining days immeasurably.

I cannot believe that it is beyond the wit of any British Parliament to devise a law that not only protects vulnerable people, but protects dying people and gives them control, choice and dignity in their dying.

It would have been the least Nig deserved.

Complete Article HERE!

The Rare Walking Corpse Syndrome

— How Could Someone Feel Dead?

The mind is truly an amazing — and strange — contraption, and few things demonstrate that better than Cotard’s syndrome. Learn about the bizarre condition of walking corpse syndrome.

By Avery Hurt

Cotard’s syndrome, or Cotard’s delusion as it is often called, is a rare neuropsychiatric disorder in which a person believes they are dead, that they do not even exist, or sometimes that the world itself does not exist.

The condition was described in 1880 by Jules Cotard, a French neurologist and psychiatrist. In a presentation to the Société Médico-Psychologique, Cotard ;reported the case of a 43-year-old patient who believed she had “no brain, nerves, chest or entrails, and was just skin and bone.” She claimed to need no food because she was “eternal and would live forever.”

What Is Cotard’s Syndrome?

Not all patients with Cotard’s syndrome expect to live forever in some Zombie-like state. In fact, most believe that they’re already dead or very close to death. Individuals with Cotard’s Syndrome experience a profound distortion of reality and beliefs about their existence.

They may adamantly assert that they do not possess a physical body or have lost their internal organs. This perception of self can lead to extreme apathy, self-neglect and detachment from the world around them.

A 2018 study analyzed the cases of 12 people who had been diagnosed with this disorder and found that eight of the 12 believed they had died. The other four believed they were in the process of dying. Three of the four who claimed to be dying said worms, viruses or bugs were eating their internal organs.

Patients with Cotard’s Syndrome Symptoms

The patient’s belief that they’re dead or dying is often accompanied by other delusions as well. A 44-year-old man diagnosed with Cotard’s also hallucinated spiders in the walls, rats running along the baseboards and people’s faces melting.

A 74-year-old patient reported that he had been stabbed while in his nursing home and referred to his hospital bed as his casket. This man also believed that his wife had been replaced by an imposter, a separate delusion known as Capgras syndrome.

A 35-year-old woman with Cotard’s believed that her brain was rotting and reported that she could feel worms crawling around in her brain. A 50-year-old male who believed he was dying insisted that his arm had been cut off and his fingers were being ground up. None of this, of course, was true.

Nevertheless, the patients were thoroughly convinced and could not be persuaded otherwise, even when the evidence (the arm was still attached to the body; no worms could be detected on brain scans) or logic (how can you talk with me if you have no brain?) seemed convincing to everyone else. The patients often used a logic of their own. When caregivers urged one Cotard’s patient to eat, she asked, “Why do I need to eat when I’m already dead?”

Causes of Cotard Delusion

Though very rare, Cotard delusion can be a symptom of schizophrenia; two of the 12 patients in the 2018 study also had schizophrenia. (Other studies have shown that fewer than one percent of schizophrenia patients also have Cotard’s.) However, the study also found that various neurological and psychiatric disorders were associated with the syndrome.

Three patients had been diagnosed with depression, and four had a history of addiction to opiates and benzodiazepines. Seizures, cluster headaches, evidence of stroke, lesions in the brain and loss of brain volume have also been found in various combinations in Cotard’s patients.

However, whether or not any of these conditions cause Cotard delusion is unknown. It seems that this bizarre constellation of delusions can result when any number of things go wrong in the brain.

Unsurprisingly, there is no specific criteria for a diagnosis, and there is no entry for Cotard’s in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the book psychiatrists and other mental health professionals use to guide them in diagnosing and treating mental illnesses.

How Is Cotard’s Syndrome Treated?

Devastating as these symptoms are, Cotard’s can be treated. Typically by treating any underlying neurological or psychiatric disorders with psychotherapy, pharmaceuticals or a combination of the two approaches. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a treatment that involves electrical stimulation of the brain, has been shown to be effective in some patients as well.

Cotard’s syndrome is one of many neurological conditions that remind us just how little we understand how and why our brains do what they do. While treatment is available, researchers are still working on finding out more about Cotard’s syndrome.

Complete Article HERE!

What is a death rattle?

— What to expect when expecting the end of life

By Julie Power

What is a good death? What is a death rattle?

No question is off limits for palliative care nurse specialist Rachael Zielinski, who tells families and relatives that death and dying are not something to whisper about.

To make her point, she raises her voice. “As a community we need to reclaim the experience of death and dying. It is OK to talk about it,” she tells a workshop called Last Days attended by 20 people in Sydney’s south.

A palliative care nurse with 20 years of experience, Zielinski also wants to bring back the D words: death, dying and dead. Euphemisms like “passing” or “gone” can be confusing, she said, recounting the confusion of a woman who didn’t realise her death was imminent.

About 160,000 people die in Australia each year. Zielinski has seen hundreds die.

Every Christmas Day she remembers the first death she saw: Mrs Merriweather’s nearly 40 years ago.

Then only 18 and living in Sandgate, England, Zielinski sat with the older woman in her final moments and then kept vigil next to the woman’s body.

Last Days was developed by aged and community care provider HammondCare to demystify death and help people navigate death and dying. More sessions across Sydney have been funded by NSW Government’s Sydney North Health Network.

HammondCare’s Dr Andrew Montague said carers, family members and friends were often unprepared for what may be confronting at end of life.

“There is a need to help those who care for people at end of life to equip them to navigate their journey,” said Montague, the general manager health and hospitals. “It will also seek to encourage more openness in making and documenting end-of-life choices.”

According to a survey of 1000 Australians last year by Palliative Care Australia, 88 per cent of respondents agreed it was important to start thinking and talking about their wishes and preferences for care (if they were to become seriously or terminally ill). Despite that, only 56 per cent of those surveyed had talked about or recorded their end-of-life wishes.

Katrina Pearson was at the session to discuss how to manage the palliative care of her mother Robyn, now 72, who was diagnosed with a degenerative disease 11 years ago.

Pearson spoke with her mother about her wishes – before she agreed to go into an aged care facility when she could no longer walk. “It is important to talk about it, and it was good that we talked when she was able to do so.”

Research from Western Australia’s palliative care experts found many people thought palliative care was for the last days of life, thinking their doctor or specialist had given up. Yet research from the United Kingdom found people who receive palliative care earlier live longer and have a better quality of life.

Zielinski said: “We love early referrals. When we get people who are in the terminal phase, we get upset. We could have done so much more.”

Palliative care’s practical aspects include writing a will, delegating someone to make decisions about care, managing symptoms and pain, and identifying what is important in the final days and where and how someone wants to live and die.

Often the wishes of the dying are far from grandiose, such as a desire to eat at a local restaurant once more, look out on a garden, have grandchildren visit or have their dog on the bed.

“Many want to stay at home, in their same bed, but may change their opinion,” Zielinski said. “Dying in a hospital is not a failure.”

But dying at home takes a village.

Zielinski hopes the Last Day’s three-hour workshop and workbook will provide a place to ask questions and challenge preconceptions that caring for someone at the end of their life is something technical, private and hidden.

“Death and dying are the last taboo. We are all going to die, and many of us will care for someone who is dying.”

Death was a process like birth, with recognisable stages and progression, said Zielinski. Unlike birth, though, there are few workshops for families, and no books on “what to expect when you are expecting [to die]” or film adaptations.

The person dying usually sleeps more and eats and drinks little or nothing, which can upset families used to making food to demonstrate love and affection.

“Someone in their last days may only want a tiny spoonful of yoghurt,” she said.

The dying person may attempt to eat to show their love, too.

She recalled a woman who made her husband a grazing plate of a tiny piece of “posh chocolate”, a minuscule bit of sandwich, and fruit.

“He took a little nibble from the sandwich and put it back,” Zielinski said.

That upset his wife.

“I said [to her], ‘That is just the most beautiful thing I’ve seen. It’s a pure gift of love. Look at that, he actually doesn’t need or want it.’ So it’s about education. It’s about understanding those changes.”

Families frequently find “the death rattle” – experts call them terminal secretions – distressing because they think the person dying may be in pain or anguished.

“It is like a snore, which you are not aware you are doing,” she said.

It is caused by uncleared mucus at the back of a throat, she told the workshop. “That gurgly sound you hear, well, that person is so deeply unconscious, they’re not aware that that saliva is sitting there – that they are not trying to cough or swallow to get rid of it. But the sound will distress you. So remember that Rachael said this might happen. It’s not distressing Mum or whomever that is.”

Many deaths are gentle but a few are traumatic. In those cases it is often the words of a carer or a family member, even a prayer or a kind word, that make more of a difference than any medicine.

That was the case with a deeply religious woman who couldn’t be calmed until a pastoral care worker kneeled with her and prayed. She died soon after.

“I have never seen anything like that,” said Zielinski. “We [health professionals] can’t do what [family and friends] can do. We are empowering people to think they have a place.”

A pilot of the program over the past two years found 73.9 per cent of participants strongly agreed that they know more about how to support a person in their last months, weeks and days of life, while nearly 70 per cent understood what to do to relieve physical symptoms.

Complete Article HERE!

Tough choices

— When it’s time to move from home to assisted living

While 8 in 10 Americans ages 65 and older say they want to age in their homes, it’s not always possible when health declines.

Knowing when a loved one needs a more supportive environment, such as assisted living, continuing care retirement community or a nursing home, can be challenging. Though “aging in place” remains a cherished goal, seniors are fretting less about it these days, a recent Associated Press/NORC Center for Public Affairs poll found.

An expert in geriatric mental health offers some guidelines for knowing if is still realistic or if someone needs more care, whether through moving or a home visitation service.

Dr. Molly Camp is an associate professor of psychiatry at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas. In a center news release, she said there are five domains to consider:

Personal needs and hygiene: Basic self-care activities, including bathing, dressing and toileting, must be met. A person’s ability to get in and out of tubs and showers and their risk of falling should be considered.

Home environment: Consider the ability to handle basic maintenance and repairs, as well as access to electricity and water, a sufficiently sanitary living environment and how to avoid safety hazards, such as structural deficiencies.

Necessary activities: Assess whether your loved one can complete complex, essential tasks such as transportation, shopping, meal preparation, cleaning and using technology.

Medical self-care: Your loved one should be able to manage their medications, care for minor wounds and self-monitor for illness.

Financial affairs: Evaluate whether the person has the ability to pay bills on time, track other finances, avoid exploitation, and enter into binding contracts when needed.

Of course, Camp noted, may be able to help manage finances and home visitation programs may be able to help with chores such as cleaning and cooking.

Complete Article HERE!

We asked two experts to watch The Father and Supernova.

These new films show the fear and loss that come with dementia

BY Fran McInerney

Two new films explore the fear of forgetting, loss of control, and other complexities that accompany a dementia diagnosis. The Father and Supernova , both released this month, grapple with the challenges confronting people living with dementia and those who love them.

Dementia is the seventh leading cause of death worldwide , and the second leading cause of death in Australia . The media has an important role in shaping public understanding of poorly understood conditions such as dementia , and it is pleasing to see it considered thoughtfully in both films.

We watched these films through our lenses as a clinician and a neuroscientist. The different causes and conditions that make up the umbrella term of dementia mean the experiences of people living with it — and their loved ones — can differ widely. These films illustrate this well.

Marching through the brain

Because different parts of the brain control different functions, the type of dementia is defined by its pathology, origin in the brain and progression .

In Supernova, directed by British filmmaker Harry Macqueen and starring Colin Firth and Stanley Tucci, we see a fairly accurate representation of frontotemporal dementia. Specifically, this is the type where certain language skills are impaired, known as semantic dementia.

The Father, meanwhile, directed by French playwright Florian Zeller and based on his play of the same name, centres on a protagonist, Anthony (played by Anthony Hopkins), with Alzheimer’s disease, the most common cause of dementia.

Owing to the neurodegenerative nature of dementia, people with this diagnosis experience a progressive deterioration of memory, thinking and behaviour, and gradually lose the ability to perform daily tasks and other physical functions, ultimately leading to death.

‘I don’t need her or anyone else. I can manage very well on my own.’

Both films accurately reflect many of the key early features of these forms of dementia and provide insight into the varied presentations and issues associated with the conditions.

Whereas The Father focuses more heavily on the experience of the individual living with dementia, Supernova gives more attention to shared grief and loss.

Caring and sharing

In Supernova, Tusker (Tucci) and Sam (Firth) take a roadtrip through stunning northern England. We soon learn the journey is as much an adventure to visit Sam’s family, as it is an exploration of their own mortality.

‘You’re still the same person, Tusker,’ says Sam. ‘No I’m not, I just look like him,’ his partner responds.

Unlike many other illnesses, those living with dementia frequently show no outward physical signs of their condition until late in its course, and Tusker appears in good physical health.

We witness Sam’s panic when Tusker and their dog Ruby go missing. Impulsivity and spatial disorientation are common phenomena experienced in dementia. Later, Sam masks his distress (as carers often do), attributing his tears to cutting an onion while preparing dinner.

‘Can you tell? That it’s gotten worse?’

Dementia is a condition that affects the person progressively and globally; we initially only see subtle symptoms of Tusker’s language loss, for example, when he can’t find the word ‘triangle’. Later we note his loss of instrumental function: needing two hands to guide a glass to his mouth, negotiating which arm goes into which sleeve while dressing. Sam tenderly maintains Tusker’s dignity while helping him dress.

When Sam finds Tusker’s notebook, the writing in it has deteriorated across the pages to an indecipherable scrawl. The last pages are blank.

Tusker declares he is dying — dementia is a terminal illness — but how long he has left is unknown. The median time from dementia diagnosis to death is five years. For a previously high-achieving person like Tusker, the loss of his cognitive ability feels more profound to the viewer.

Frightening experience

While The Father may appear to be an imagined horror story, it masterfully presents the disorientating and frightening reality for a person living with dementia.

Anthony is a powerful and compelling character who draws us into his internal chaos – unaware that he is losing his sense of self in place and time. We learn he has been an engineer and father of two daughters, and lives in a comfortable dwelling in a leafy London suburb. He is by turns irascible and charming. Like Tusker, he appears physically fit, well-groomed and fed.

The early narrative tension revolves around Anthony refusing home help. He denies verbally abusing a recent carer and accuses her of stealing his watch; when this is shown to be false he shows no insight or remorse. Those living with dementia may strive to make sense of things they cannot remember by imaginatively filling in the gaps .

People with dementia are altered by the disease, but it’s important to remember that who they are as a person still endures. IMDB

Seeing the world through Anthony’s eyes is a masterful plot device as we the viewers are not quite sure of what is ‘real’. At some early points we wonder if Anthony is being abused or gaslighted as we are drawn into his perceptions; later we learn that the lens through which we see Anthony’s world is distorted, but a terrifying reality to him.

Like all of us, Anthony is capable of harshness and tenderness, of charm and cruelty. Those experiencing dementia often have diminished control over their emotions and behaviours and this can be exacerbated by stress.

A small weakness of the film is that we gain no real sense of Anthony’s earlier life. Anthony’s temper may indeed be an enduring part of his personality, though it’s more likely a consequence of his serious disease. This is an important point for carers to understand. When his son-in-law challenges him to stop ‘getting on everyone’s tits’ we have some sympathy for Anthony, who we begin to realise is behaving fearfully rather than deliberately.

Eventually Anthony is reduced to sobs: ‘Lost all my leaves. Branches. Wind. Rain’. As he moves from the moderate to advanced stage of dementia , the need for tender and humane care is clear.

Still inside

A key theme with many films exploring dementia, is the end — not just the end of the story, but the end of life.

In The Father we are drawn into Anthony’s agonising reality, the quiet chaos of tomorrow. In Supernova, we understand that Tusker chooses to write the end of his own story. Individuals living with dementia may be altered by the disease process, but it’s important to remember that who they are as a person endures.

The nihilistic vision of these films, while powerful and thought-provoking, is not the only possible construction of dementia. Though we must come to terms with the fact that dementia is a terminal disease, the end point does not negate the imperative to respond to the needs of the person; indeed, it highlights the need for empathy.

Complete Article HERE!

Kathy Brandt, A Hospice Expert Who Invited The World Into Her Own Last Days With Cancer, Dies

In January, Kathy Brandt (right) was diagnosed with stage 3 ovarian clear cell carcinoma and learned she had mere months to live. She is pursuing aggressive palliative care, forgoing treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation.

by JoNel Aleccia

Kathy Brandt, a hospice industry leader who turned her own terminal cancer diagnosis into a public conversation about choices at the end of life, died Aug. 4. She was 54.

Brandt’s death was announced on social media by her wife and partner of 18 years, Kimberly Acquaviva, 47, a professor of nursing and author of a book about hospice care for LGBTQ patients and families.

“I wanted all of you to know that Kathy had a peaceful death and your love and support is what made that possible,” Acquaviva wrote in comments posted to Facebook. “Our family has felt your love and we can’t begin to tell you how much it’s meant to us.”

Brandt died at the Charlottesville, Va., home she shared with her wife, their 19-year-old son, Greyson Acquaviva, and their dogs, Dizzy and Mitzi. She was diagnosed in January with stage 3 ovarian clear cell carcinoma, a rare and aggressive cancer.

For the past several months, Brandt and Acquaviva chronicled the day-to-day drama of dying in a series of frank, intimate posts on Facebook and Twitter aimed at demystifying the process and empowering other patients.

After researching her disease, which has a median prognosis of less than 13 months and often fails to respond to chemotherapy, Brandt refused drug treatment, declining what she regarded as “futile” medicine. Instead, she chose aggressive palliative care to manage her symptoms, to the dismay of some friends and family — and even her oncologist.

“If it’s not going to save my life, then why would I go through trying to get an extra month, when that month leading up to it would be terrible?” Brandt told Kaiser Health News in April.

The couple’s posts were followed by hundreds of well-wishers who donated more than $80,000 to help defray living expenses and medical costs. The essays and tweets were an unusually intimate window into the physical, emotional and psychological process of dying.

In April, Brandt described herself as a “dead woman walking” on the sidewalks of Washington, D.C., where they lived until June.

“It’s surreal trying to go about a ‘normal’ life when you know you aren’t going to be around in a few months,” she wrote.

During the last weeks of Brandt’s illness, Acquaviva tweeted about her partner’s bowels, posted photos of her sleeping and shared that Brandt was distressed about what would happen to her and to her family when she died. The frank posts prompted concern from people who asked whether Brandt had consented to have her death live-tweeted for the world. Acquaviva replied:

“My wife @Kathy_Brandt is a hospice and palliative care professional, as am I. She decided early on that she wanted us to share her dying process — all of it — publicly so that she could keep educating people about death and dying until her last breath.”

A well-known hospice industry leader and consultant, Brandt spent three decades in the field and was most recently tapped to write and edit the latest version of clinical guidelines for quality palliative care.

The willingness of Brandt and Acquaviva to share an unflinching account of terminal cancer drew praise from fellow hospice and palliative care experts, said Jon Radulovic, a spokesman for the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization and their longtime friend.

“As she did throughout her professional career, Kathy has continued to teach the field about compassionate care and patient self-determination,” he wrote in an email before her death.

Elena Prendergast, an assistant professor of nursing at Augusta University in Georgia, wrote that she was moved by their experience.

“I have gone through this with family and with patients, but somehow you both have found a way. With your humor and raw transparency, you both make me feel like I am learning about this process for the first time,” Prendergast tweeted last month.

Brandt remained passionate about encouraging patients to consider the full range of choices when confronting terminal illness.

“If you’re ever diagnosed with a disease that will ultimately kill you no matter what you do, think through what you want the rest of your life to look like,” she wrote in a July 11 email. “Then seek out care that will help you make that version a reality.”

Acquaviva said they had worried that Brandt would not receive the care they’d hoped for in a hospice setting — despite their long efforts to advocate for better conditions for LGBTQ people.

In a post on their gofundme page, Acquaviva urged: “Do whatever you can to ensure that ALL LGBTQ+ people — not just those who know who to call or what to ask for — have access to hospice care provided by professionals who will treat them with dignity, respect, and clinical competence.”

Brandt asked that her obituary appear in The New York Times. It is scheduled to run next weekend, Acquaviva said, and it includes a final request that nods to the activism that characterized Brandt’s work on behalf of LGBTQ people and others who need end-of-life care.

“From the time that Kathy was diagnosed with clear cell ovarian cancer six months ago, she was clear with her family that the cause of death should be listed as the Trump Presidency in her obituary. In lieu of flowers, the family asks that donations be sent to whichever candidate secures the Democratic nomination, even if you really wish someone better were running.”

A memorial for Brandt will be held at 2 p.m. Oct. 26 at Friends Meeting of Washington, 2111 Florida Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20008.

Complete Article HERE!

Declining Sense of Smell May Foretell Death

By Stephanie Pappas

Elderly people with a poor sense of smell have a higher likelihood of dying in the 10 years after testing than those whose sniffers stay sharp.

In a new study, elderly people with a poor sense of smell had a 46% higher risk of death 10 years after olfactory abilities were tested, compared to those who passed the smell test. The study also reported that 28% of the increased risk of death could be attributed to Parkinson’s, dementia and unintentional weight loss, all of which predict death in their own right and can also affect a person’s sense of smell. [7 Ways the Mind and Body Change With Age]

But the remaining 72% of the risk linking poor sense of smell and death is unexplained and may be due to subtle health conditions that eventually worsen, the authors wrote in the study, published today (April 29) in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine.

According to the paper, about a quarter of older Americans experience a decline in sense of smell, but this is more likely to go unnoticed compared to loss of sight or hearing. Some studies have linked the decline in sense of smell to risk of death within five years of the decline’s onset, but that research didn’t control for demographics such as sex and race, or health characteristics that might explain the links between sensory loss and death.

n the new study, Michigan State University epidemiologist Honglei Chen and his colleagues used data from the Health ABC study, a long-running study of elderly individuals. (One of the co-authors of the new study, Dr. Jayant Pinto, has received money unrelated to the current study from pharmaceutical companies involved with respiratory allergies and nasal drug delivery.)

Between 1997 and 1998, scientists had recruited about 3,000 older adults, ages 70 to 79, living in Pittsburgh or Memphis, Tennessee for the Health ABC study. Of those individuals, nearly 2,300 completed a smell test at the beginning of the study. In this test, they were asked to identify 12 common smells, and they remained in the study until their deaths or until 2014, whichever came first.

During the total follow-up period of 13 years, about 1,200 study participants died. The researchers found that those with a poor score on the olfaction test had a 46% higher risk of dying by year 10 and a 30% higher risk of dying by year 13, compared with those who had a good score. (The stronger association at year 10 compared to year 13 was likely because the participants were already into their 70s and nearing the end of their life spans, the researchers wrote. By year 13, many were dying regardless of their sense of smell or health status early in the study.)

Sense of smell seemed to be a particularly powerful predictor of earlier death for those who were in good health, the researchers wrote. Among participants who said at the beginning of the study that their health was good, poor olfaction was linked to a 62% increase in the chance of dying by year 10 compared to good olfaction; it was linked to a 40% increase in the chance of dying by year 13.

It’s known that the neurological damage from Parkinson’s disease and dementia can affect a person’s sense of smell, so Chen and his colleagues investigated whether those conditions could explain the link between the nose and death. They also checked the role of weight loss, which could indicate malnutrition.

Even taking those conditions into account, a poor sense of smell explained 70% of the differences in timing of death. The association held across race and gender, which could make it a powerful tool for quantifying health, the researchers wrote.

“[P]oor olfaction among older adults with excellent to good health may be an early warning sign for insidious adverse health conditions that eventually lead to death,” the researchers wrote.

Complete Article HERE!